The Supreme Court of India marked its 75th anniversary with a ceremonial session led by Chief Justice of India (CJI) Sanjiv Khanna, who celebrated the apex court as a “true people’s court” dedicated to upholding the conscience of democracy.
A Vibrant Journey: From 1950 to 2025
Tracing the court’s evolution since its inception in 1950, the CJI described the Supreme Court as one of the most dynamic apex courts in the world. “What began as a successor to the Federal Court has grown into an institution that embodies the aspirations and diversity of 1.4 billion Indians,” CJI Khanna said.
He emphasized the Supreme Court’s accessibility and representation of diverse voices, noting its adaptability to societal challenges and unwavering commitment to constitutional values. Over 75 years, the court has addressed an expansive range of issues, including personal liberty, environmental concerns, and fundamental rights, transforming the constitutional promise of justice into reality for millions.
Five Eras of Transformation
CJI Khanna divided the court’s journey into five distinct periods:
- 1950s – Sunrise Years: The initial phase of establishing judicial foundations under the new Constitution.
- 1960s – Anchorage and Discovery: Landmark interpretations, such as defining “law” under Article 13.
- 1970s-1980s – Turbulence to Social Justice: The rise of public interest litigation and broader access to justice for marginalized communities.
- 1990s – Expansion of Fundamental Rights: A vigilant court protecting individual rights while addressing gaps in legislative and executive action.
- 2000s to Present – Constitutional Leadership: Tackling issues like privacy, intellectual property rights, environmental concerns, and the Right to Information.
Challenges for the Judiciary
The CJI identified three pressing challenges for the judiciary:
- Backlog of Cases: Delays in justice due to mounting arrears.
- Cost of Litigation: Rising expenses that hinder accessibility.
- Falsehoods in Justice: The detrimental impact of falsehood on the integrity of justice.
“These challenges mark the next frontier in our pursuit of justice,” the CJI asserted.
Constitutional Morality and Nation Building
Quoting Dr. BR Ambedkar, the CJI underscored the importance of constitutional morality in nation-building. He highlighted the role of the judiciary in guiding India through transformative decades, ensuring that justice remains both principled and practical.
Tributes from Legal Luminaries
Attorney General R. Venkataramani and Supreme Court Bar Association (SCBA) President Kapil Sibal also addressed the gathering. Sibal commended the court’s impartiality in deciding cases based on law, free from political influence or favor to the state.
As the Supreme Court enters its 76th year, it stands as a beacon of justice, striving to uphold the constitutional promise of social, economic, and political equity for all.
